Gene Targeted Therapy for Cancer: A New Hope in Modern Oncology
In the ever-evolving world of oncology, hope and innovation go hand in hand. Today, cancer treatment has moved beyond traditional methods, entering a new era of precision and personalization.
Dr. Rajib Bhattacharya, MD, DrNB (Medical Oncology) at Peerless Hospital, Kolkata, shares insights into this revolutionary approach—Gene Targeted Therapy—that is transforming the way we understand and treat cancer.
From Chemotherapy to Precision Medicine
For decades, chemotherapy has been the backbone of cancer treatment. It works by killing rapidly dividing cells, including cancerous ones. However, it also affects some healthy cells that divide quickly, leading to side effects—and despite its effectiveness, cancer often tends to return over time.
This raised an important question: How can we stop cancer from coming back?
The answer lies in understanding the genetic root of the disease.
Cancer: A Genetic Disease at Its Core
Cancer originates when the DNA or genes within normal cells undergo changes, known as mutations, which cause uncontrolled cell growth. There are hundreds of possible gene mutations, and identifying the specific one responsible is crucial for effective treatment.
This is where Gene Targeted Therapy makes a difference.
These therapies are designed to target and block the abnormal genes or their protein products that drive cancer growth—without harming normal cells.
The Science Behind It: Comprehensive Genomic Profiling (CGP)
Before giving targeted therapy, doctors must identify the specific mutation present in a patient’s cancer. To do that, a powerful diagnostic tool called Comprehensive Genomic Profiling (CGP) is used.
This process involves scanning the patient’s genes through a technique known as Next Generation Sequencing (NGS).
NGS identifies hidden mutations within the tumor, allowing oncologists to select drugs that precisely target the cancer’s genetic weakness.
Earlier, this testing was costly and limited to international labs. But now, domestic technology has made it affordable and widely accessible in India—bringing world-class cancer diagnostics within reach for many patients.
When and Why It Matters
In cases where cancer returns even after chemotherapy, repeating chemotherapy often yields limited benefits. In such situations, genomic profiling can uncover mutations that can be effectively targeted with newer drugs, significantly improving outcomes and quality of life.
Sometimes, targeted therapy is used right from the beginning—for example, hormone therapy in breast cancer.
If resistance develops, doctors can perform further mutation testing to identify why the treatment is failing and adjust it accordingly.
A Smarter Way Forward in Cancer Care
As Dr. Bhattacharya emphasizes:
“Cancer treatment is no longer about throwing stones in the dark. With genomic profiling and targeted therapy, we can treat with precision, purpose, and hope.”
The future of cancer care lies in personalization—understanding each patient’s unique genetic makeup and tailoring treatment accordingly.
Comprehensive Genomic Profiling (CGP) is not just a test—it’s a roadmap to smarter, safer, and more successful cancer treatment.